Genetic Effects of Some Phenotypic Characteristics in Tobacco
Qamar Sufan *
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The lifespan of tobacco seeds ranges from 5-7 years, and then they begin to deteriorate genetically as a result of hybridization and the occurrence of mutations naturally. Therefore, an genetic improvement process for this crop must be carried out continuously.
The experiment was carried out during the years 2023-2024 in kassab village, Lattakia, Syria, by cultivating three tobacco genotypes (Basma, Prilep, and Gob-Hasan). A half-diallel cross was made between different genotypes of tobacco.
In the following season, an evaluation of the genotypes was performed, which were distributed according to the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates to estimate the nature of gene action for: plant height, leaves number, internodes length, plant leaf area and leaf area index.
The results show high differ significantly for all traits, which refer to differ among the parents. The genetic analysis shows important both additive and dominant effects to heredity in all studied characteristics. The additive gene action dominated the inheritance of: plant height, internodes length, plant leaf area and leaf area index. But the non-additive gene action dominated the inheritance of leaves number.
The prilep parent exhibited a high means for: leaves number (22 leaf/plant), plant leaf area (192 cm2). However, The Gob-Hasan parent exhibited a high means for: plant height (75.60 cm), internodes length (3.5 cm), leaf area index (1.26).
The hybrid Basma × Gob-Hasan exhibited the highest means for: plant height (72.70 cm), internodes length (3.46 cm). The hybrid Prilep × Gob-Hasan exhibited the highest means for: leaves number (24.6 leaf/plant), plant leaf area (136.20 cm2), leaf area index (1.3). We conclude that the hybridization method can be adopted to obtain new tobacco varieties with high leaf yield.
Keywords: Half-diallel cross, gene action, oriental tobacco
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Reitsma MB, Kendrick PJ, Ababneh E, Abbafati C, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdoli A, AbedI A, Abhilash ES, Abila DB, Aboyans V, and Abu-Rmeileh NM. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2021; 397(10292):2337-2360.
Pscheidt A, Lemos RC, Souza JC, Oliveira VB, Souza, AM, Pádua JM. Feasibility of using tobacco hybrids of the Dark tobacco type. Genetics and Molecular Research. 2021;20(4):1-4.
Aleksoski JA, Milenkoski ZJ, Korubin AAT. Inheritance of yield-related morphological characteristics in F1 tobacco hybrids. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). 2023;68(2):187-200.
Carvalho BL, Lewis R, Pádua JMV, Bruzi AT, Ramalho MAP. Combining ability of standardized indices for multi-trait selection in tobacco. Ciência e Agrotecnologia. 2021;45.
Lewis RS. Nicotiana tabacum L.: Tobacco. In Medicinal, Aromatic and Stimulant Plants. Springer, Cham. 2020; 345-375.
Salim A, Setyoko U, Oktaviasari P. Determination of agronomic properties of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) voor-oogst on krosok production using path analysis. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing. 2021;759(1):012036.
Sadeghi SM, Samiezadeh H, Javid F, Fatehi F. Interaction effects of general and specific combining ability with environment in Virginia tobacco genotypes. Iranian J. Field Crop Sci. 2011;42(3):519- 526.
Tsenov N, Tsenova E. Combining ability of common winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) by date to heading and date to physiological maturity. Bulgarian J. Agri. Sci. 2011;17(3):277-287.
Hladni N, Miklic V, Jocic S, Kraljevic-Balalic M, Skoric D. Mode of inheritance and combining ability for plant height and head diameter in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Genetika. 2014;46(1): 159- 168
Ekinci R, Basbag S. Combining ability for yield and its Components in diallel crosses of cotton. Not. Sci. Biol. 2015;7(1):72-80
Aisyah SI, Wahyuni S, Syukur M, Witono JR. The Estimation of Combining Ability and Heterosis Effect for Yield and Yield Components in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) at Lowland. Ekin J. 2016;2(1):23-29.
Bernardo R. Breeding for quantitative traits in plants. Stemma Press, Woodbury; 2020.
Singh RK, Chaudhary BD. Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers., Ludhiana; 1985.
Williams RF. The physiology of plant growth with special reference to the concept of net assimilation rate. Annals of Botany. 1946;37:41-71.
Griffing B. Concepts of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 1956;9:463-493.
Bharathi, Y., Jaffarbasha, S. and Manjunath, J. Line × tester analysis for yield and quality characters in Natu tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2020; 11(03):765-768.
Dyulgerski Y, Vasileva S, Ganusheva N. Inheritance of plant height and leaves number in hybrid genotypes Virginia tobacco. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 2021;22(1):104-109.
Bai PP, Babu KS, Gayathri NK, Sarala K, Chandrasekhar C. Genetic variability, correlation path analysis for cured leaf yield and its components in Bidi Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.); 2021.
Aziz JM, Hamady YH. Combining ability analysis using half diallel cross in wheat (Triticum Aestivum. L). Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences. 2019; 10(3):101-110.
Seyyed-Nazari R, Ghadimzadeh M, Darvishzadeh R, Alavi SR. Diallel analysis for estimation of genetic parameters in oriental tobacco genotypes. Genetika, 2016;48(1):125-137.
Korubin-Aleksoska, A. Degree of inheritance and heritability of yield in parental genotypes and F1 hybrids of tobacco. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade. 2011;56(3):165-172.
Nanda C, Sarala K, Nagesh P, Ramakrishnan S. Heritability and genetic variability studies in the germplasm accessions offlue cured Virginia tobacco (Nicotiana tobaccum L.). Emergent Life Sci. Res. 2021;7:36–39.
Swarup S, Cargill EJ, Crosby K, Flagel L, Kniskern J, Glenn KC. Genetic diversity is indispensable for plant breeding to improve crops. Crop Science. 2021;61(2): 839-852.
Muraya MM, Ndirangu CM, Omolo EO. Heterosis and combining ability in diallel crosses involving maize (Zea mays) S1 lines. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 2006;46(3):387–394.
Lanka CL, Ram M, Krishna SM. DNA Fingerprinting of Crops and Its Significance in Crop Improvement. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 2023;35(16):232-4. Available:https://journalijpss.com/index.php/IJPSS/article/view/3149
Drake KE, Moore JM, Bertrand P, Fortnum B, Peterson P, Lewis RS. Black Shank Resistance and Agronomic Performance of Flue‐Cured Tobacco Lines and Hybrids Carrying the Introgressed Nicotiana rustica Region, Wz. Crop Science. 2015;55(1):79-86.